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- Atheism & Morality
- Atheism & Meaning
- Atheism & Violence
- Atheism & Science
- Further Resources
Bibliography
Definition of Atheism
Current Controversies
History
Atheist Politics
Demographics
Atheist Arguments
Atheism & Morality
Atheism & Meaning
Atheism & Violence
Atheism & Science
The bibliography is set out according to navigation categories. Use the list above to link to the relevant section further down this page. There are also direct links to these sections on this page from other pages. Click on the "Top of Page" links to get back to this part of the page.
Definition of Atheism
On Defining Atheism, see:
Atheism : A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990, appendix.
ed.
The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
On Dawkins' treatment, see:
The God Delusion. London: Bantam Press, 2006.
Current Controversies
For some key works by the New Atheists, see:
The God Delusion. London: Bantam Press, 2006.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
Against All Gods. London: Oberon Books, 2007.
The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2004.
Letter to a Christian Nation. London: Bantam, 2007.
God Is Not Great: The Case against Religion. London:
Atlantic Books, 2007.
For links to the Beyond Belief conferences, go to:
http://thesciencenetwork.org/BeyondBelief/
Causes of 'New Atheism'
For a contextualisation and account of the rise of New Atheism, see:
The New Atheists: The Twilight of Reason & the War on Religion. London: Darton, Longman and Todd Ltd, 2007.
Responses
On some criticism by atheists/agnostics of New Atheism, see:
"Dawkins the Dogmatist." no. 127. Prospect Magazine 2006.
"Lunging, Flailing, Mispunching." 28, no. 20. The London
Review of Books, October 2006.
See the Streaming video of
Scott Atran's criticisms during the first Beyond Belief Conference.
On some criticisms by religious opponents of New Atheism, see:
Darwin's Angel: A Seraphic Response to 'the God Delusion'. London: Profile, 2007.
The Dawkins Delusion. London: SPCK, 2007.
Is Religion Dangerous? Oxford: Lion, 2006.
History of Atheism
On the problems of reconstructing the history of atheism, see:
"New Histories of Atheism." In Atheism from the Reformation
to the Enlightenment, edited by Michael Hunter and David Wootton.
Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik-
und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann-
Holzboog, 1998.
For some histories of atheism which adopt a narrower definition, see:
At the Origins of Modern Atheism. New Haven and
London: Yale University Press, 1987.
Le probleme de l'incroyance au XVIe siecle, 1942,
new edition. Paris: Albin Michel, 2003.
The Myth of Renaissance Atheism and the French
Tradition of Free-Thought, 1968.
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik-
und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann-
Holzboog, 1998.
For some histories of atheism which adopt a broader definition, see:
A History of Atheism in Britain: From Hobbes to Russell. London: Croom Helm, 1988.
A History of Freethought in the Nineteenth Century. London: Dawsons, 1969.
A Short History of Western Atheism. London: Pemberton
Books, 1971.
17th Century
On the atheist clandestine manuscripts see:
Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, esp.
chapter 36.
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik-
und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann-
Holzboog, 1998.
On 'shadow boxing' non-existent atheists, see:
A History of Atheism in Britain: From Hobbes to Russell. London: Croom Helm, 1988.
"The Charge of Atheism and the Language of Radical
Speculation, 1640-1660." In Atheism from the Reformation to the
Enlightenment, edited by Michael Hunter and David Wootton. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1992.
18th Century
On 18th Century French Atheism generally, see:
. Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, esp. chapter
37.
Histoire De L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
On French materialism, see:
. Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998, chapter
13.
La Mettrie's L'homme Machine. A Study in the Origins of
an Idea. Princeton, NJ, 1960.
La Mettrie, Philosophy, and Enlightenment. Durham, NC,
1992.
19th Century
For the history of nineteenth century atheism see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998, chapters 14-17.
On the history of German atheism, see:
Der Atheismus und Seine Geschichte Im Abendlande. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 1922-24.
German Developments
On Kant's Philosophy of Religion, see:
Kant on History and Religion : With a Translation of Kant's "On the Failure
of All Attempted Philosophical Theodicies".
Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1973.
A Dubious Heritage : Studies in the Philosophy of Religion after Kant. New
York: Paulist Press, 1977.
On German Idealism and Atheism see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
Radical Hegelianism
On the Young Hegelians and atheism, see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
See also:
The Essence of Christianity. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1989.
Pessimism
For an overview of atheist pessimism, see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
On Schopenhauer, see:
"Arthur Schopenhauer " In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed Edward N. Zalta, 2007, Online entry.
On Stirner, see:
"Max Stirner." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed Edward N. Zalta, 2006, Online entry.
Materialism
On German Materialism, see:
The History of Materialism and Criticism of its Present Importance. 3rd ed, International Library of Psychology, Philosophy, and Scientific Method. London: Kegan Paul Trench Trubner, 1925.
Nietzsche
On Nietzsche, see:
"Friedrich Nietzsche." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed Edward N. Zalta, 2007. Online entry.
On Nietzsche and religion/morality, see:
"Nietzsche's Immoralism and the Concept of Morality." In Nietzsche, Genealogy, Morality. Essays on Nietzsche's 'Genealogy of Morals', edited by R Schacht, 15-34. Berkeley, 1994. Pfeil, Hans. Friedrich Nietzsche und die Religion. Regensburg: J. Habbel, 1948.
On Nietzsche and De Sade, see:
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
French Developments
On Comte's atheistic religion, see:
The Drama of Atheist Humanism. Cleveland: New York: World Publishing, 1963.
On the French Science-Religion Conflict see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
British Developments
On the first British Atheists, see:
A History of Atheism in Britain: From Hobbes to Russell. London: Croom Helm, 1988, chapter 5.
On British Atheism generally, see:
A History of Atheism in Britain: From Hobbes to Russell. London: Croom Helm, 1988.
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
The Infidel Tradition from Paine to Bradlaugh. London:
MacMillan Press Ltd, 1976.
On Spencer see:
Le Cas Spencer : Religion, Science et Politique. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1998.
20th Century - Marxism
On Marxist(-Leninist) 'Scientific Atheism', see:
The Classical Marxist Critiques of Religion : Marx,
Engels, Lenin, Kautsky. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1975.
A History of Marxist-Leninist Atheism and Soviet
Antireligious Policies. London: Macmillan, 1987.
Soviet Antireligious Campaigns and Persecutions. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1988.
Marx on Religion. Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple University Press,
2002.
Non-Marxist Atheisms
On Freud and religion, see:
Freud and
Religion, Farmington Papers. Philosophy of Religion ; 6. Oxford:
Farmington Institute for Christian Studies, 2000.
Sigmund Freud and his Critique of
Religion. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1988.
Freud and the Problem of God. enl. ed, Terry Lectures ; V.41.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.
On Existentialism and religion, see:
Existentialism, Religion, and Death : Thirteen Essays. New York: New American Library, 1976.
On Analytical Philosophy and Atheism, see:
. "Logical Positivism and Unbelief." In The Encyclopedia of Unbelief, edited by Gordon Stein, 422-35. Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1985.
On Wittgenstein and Atheism/Belief, see:
Wittgenstein and Philosophy of
Religion. London: Routledge, 2001.
Atheism : A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia:
Temple University Press, 1990, chapter 10.
Phillips, D. Z. Wittgenstein and Religion. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1993.
Atheist Politics
For a recent account of European secular organisations including IHEU, see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998, chapter 20.
British
For an historical overview of some of the main British secular organisations see:
A History of the British Secular Movement. Girard,
Kans.: Haldeman-Julius Publications, 1948.
Victorian Infidels : The Origins of the British Secularist
Movement, 1791-1866. Manchester: University of Manchester Press, 1974.
See also the following websites:
British Humanist Association
National Secular Society
Rationalist Association/New Humanist
United States
See the following websites:
Freedom from Religion Foundation
American Atheists
American Humanist Association
Council for Secular Humanism
Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
Atheist Demographics
For some contemporary accounts of atheist demographics, see:
Sacred and Secular: Religion and
Politics Worldwide. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
"Atheism: Contemporary Numbers and Patterns." In The
Cambridge Companion to Atheism, edited by Michael Martin. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Atheist Arguments - Arguments for Disbelief
For an excellent overview of the main arguments for atheism (past and contemporary), see:
. Atheism : A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia:
Temple University Press, 1990.
ed. The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Religion as Natural
On some atheist works which appeal to a biological explanation for religion, see:
The God Delusion. London: Bantam Press, 2006.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
On Freud's reductionist explanation of religion, see:
The Future of an
Illusion. Rev. ed, International Psycho-Analytical Library ; No. 15.
London: Hogarth Press : Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1962.
Freud and the Problem of God. Enl. ed, Terry Lectures ; V.41.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.
On approaches which tend to suppose an incompatibility between reductionist biological explanations of religion and traditional religious claims, see:
In Gods We Trust : The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion,
Evolution and Cognition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Religion Explained : The Human Instincts That Fashion Gods,
Spirits and Ancestors. London: Vintage, 2002.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
Darwin's Cathedral : Evolution, Religion, and the
Nature of Society. Chicago ; London: University of Chicago Press,
2002.
On approaches which recognise the compatibility of reductionist biological explanations of religion with traditional religious claims, see:
Why Would Anyone Believe in God?, Cognitive Science of Religion Series. Walnut Creek, Calif. ; Oxford: Altamira Press, 2004.
Atheism and Morality
On the moral arguments of the early atheists, see:
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, esp.
chapter 36. Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik-
und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann-
Holzboog, 1998.
Early Arguments
On the moral arguments of early atheist clandestine manuscripts, see:
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, chapter
36.
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik-
und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann-
Holzboog, 1998.
'Virtuous Atheism'
On Enlightenment Ethics in general, see:
Nature and Culture. Ethical Thought in the French Enlightenment. Baltimore, 1963.
On 'Virtuous Atheism', see:
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, esp. chapter 18. Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Atheism Amoralism
On De Sade and amoralism, see:
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
The Twilight of Atheism : The Rise and Fall of
Disbelief in the Modern World. London: Rider, 2005.
Legacy
On Nietzschean Amoralism, see:
"Nietzsche's Immoralism and the Concept of Morality." In
Nietzsche, Genealogy, Morality. Essays on Nietzsche's 'Genealogy of
Morals', edited by R Schacht, 15-34. Berkeley, 1994.
Nietzsche on Morality. London and New York, 2002.
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005, chapter 2.
On Marxist Amoralism, see:
eds. Darwin, Marx, and Freud. Their
Influence on Moral Theory. New York and London, 1984.
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005, chapter 4.
On the New Atheists's neglect of the 'other' tradition see:
The Twilight of Atheism : The Rise and Fall of Disbelief in the Modern World. London: Rider, 2005.
On some contemporary attempts to found an atheist morality, see:
Exuberance : A Philosophy of Happiness, Impact Series.
Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 1977.
Ethics without God. Rev. ed. Buffalo, N.Y: Prometheus Books,
1990.
Robinson, Richard. An Atheist's Values. Oxford: Blackwell, 1975.
Atheism and Meaning
For an historical overview of atheist reactions to the problem of meaning see:
Histoire de L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998
For some contemporary optimistic responses to the problem of meaning from an atheistic thinker, see:
. Atheism : A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990.
For some contemporary pessimistic responses, see:
Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals. London:
Granta Books, 2002.
Chance and Necessity : An Essay on the Natural Philosophy
of Modern Biology. Translated by Austryn Wainhouse. London: Collins,
1972.
For some theological defences of ultimate meaning, see:
"Christianity and Science." In The Oxford Handbook of
Religion and Science, edited by Philip Clayton and Zachary Simpson.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Pascal's Fire: Scientific Faith and Religious Understanding. Oxford: One World, 2006.
God, Chance and Necessity. Oxford: Oneworld, 1996.
Atheism and Violence
For some atheist authors who suppose a clear link between religion and violence, see:
The God Delusion. London: Bantam Press, 2006.
God Is Not Great: The Case against Religion. London:
Atlantic Books, 2007.
For some atheist authors who do not suppose a straightforward link between religion and violence see:
Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals. London:
Granta Books, 2002.
Black Mass : Apocalyptic Religion and the Death of Utopia. London: Allen Lane, 2007.
Atheism : A Philosophical Justification. Philadelphia:
Temple University Press, 1990.
For some religious authors who contest the supposed link between religion and violence, see:
The New Atheists: The Twilight of Reason & the War on
Religion. London: Darton, Longman and Todd Ltd, 2007, chapter 4.
Violence : Reflections from a Christian Perspective. London: SCM Press, 1970.
The Twilight of Atheism : The Rise and Fall of
Disbelief in the Modern World. London: Rider, 2005.
Is Religion Dangerous? Oxford: Lion, 2006.
Enlightenment Optimism
On 18th Century views on the link between religion and violence, see:
Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of
Modernity 1650-1750. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the
Emancipation of Man 1670-1752. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Histoire De L'atheisme. La Fleche: Fayard, 1998.
On Naigeon and d'Holbach's views, see:
"The Atheism of D'holbach and Naigeon." In Atheism from the Reformation to the Enlightenment, edited by Michael Hunter and David Wootton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.
Post-Enlightenment
On De Sade, irreligion/amoralism, and violence, see:
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
On Schopenhauer, see:
"Arthur Schopenhauer " In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed Edward N. Zalta, 2007, esp.section 5.2 Online entry.
On Nietzsche and violence, see:
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
"Friedrich Nietzsche." In The Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy, ed Edward N. Zalta. Place Published, 2007. Online entry.
On Marxist-Leninism and violence, see:
A History of Marxist-Leninist Atheism and Soviet
Antireligious Policies. London: Macmillan, 1987.
Soviet Antireligious Campaigns and Persecutions. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1988.
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
Marxist-Leninist "Scientific Atheism" And the Study of
Religion and Atheism in the USSR, Religion and Reason 25. Berlin ; New
York: Mouton, 1983.
On John Gray and violence, see:
Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Other Animals. London: Granta Books, 2002.
On evolutionary ethics and violence, and difficulties for atheists, see:
The Darwin Wars : The Scientific Battle for the Soul of Man. London: Touchstone, 2000.
Atheism and Science
For an overview of earliest atheist attitudes towards science, see:
Ursprunge des Atheismus: Untersuchungen zur Metaphysik- und Religionskritik des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Tubingen: Frommann- Holzboog, 1998.
For historical accounts of the relationship between religion and science which tend to stress the conflict between the two, see:
History of the Conflict between
Religion & Science. London: Watts & Co, 1927.
A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in
Christendom, Great Minds Series. Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books,
1993.
For historical accounts of the relationship between religion and science which tend to stress the degree to which they were not straightforwardly in conflict, see:
Science and Religion : Some Historical Perspectives, Cambridge History of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1991.
Science & Religion : An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell
Publishers, 1999.
On the role of Darwinism, see:
The Post-Darwinian Controversies : A Study of the Protestant Struggle to Come to Terms with Darwin in Great Britain and America, 1870-1900. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
For a general introduction to contemporary science-religion discussions, see:
Religion and Science. London: SCM Press, 1998.
eds. The Oxford Handbook of Religion
and Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Paths from Science Towards God. Oxford: Oneworld, 2001.
Natural Sciences - Physics
For the views of some atheist physicists, see:
God : The Failed Hypothesis : How Science Shows That God
Does Not Exist. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus, 2007.
The First Three Minutes. New York: Basic Books, 1977.
For the views of some religious physicists, see:
Religion in an Age of Science. London: SCM Press, 1990.
When Science Meets Religion. London: SPCK, 2000.
The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
The God Experiment. London: Faber and Faber, 1999.
Theology for a Scientific Age : Being and Becoming --
Natural, Divine, and Human. 1st Fortress Press ed, Theology and the
Sciences. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Faith, Science and Understanding. New Haven: Yale
University Press, 2000.
Belief in God in an Age of Science, Terry Lectures. New
Haven ; London: Yale University Press, 2003.
On the Anthropic Principle, see:
The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
On the multiverse theory, see:
Universe or Multiverse? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
For cosmological predictions and eschatological speculations, see:
The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God, and the
Resurrection of the Dead. New York: Doubleday, 1994.
Pascal's Fire: Scientific Faith and Religious Understanding. Oxford: One World, 2006.
On theories of Divine Action, see:
Theology for a Scientific Age: Being and Becoming -
Natural, Divine and Human. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
eds. Quantum Mechanics: Scientific Perspectives on
Divine Action. Vatican City State: Vatican Observatory, 2001.
Biology
On some atheist interpretations of the implications of evolution, see:
The Blind Watchmaker. Harlow: Longman, 1986.
The Selfish Gene. 30th anniversary ed. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2006.
Darwin's Dangerous Idea : Evolution and the
Meanings of Life. New York ; London: Simon & Schuster, 1995.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
Darwin's Cathedral : Evolution, Religion, and the
Nature of Society. Chicago ; London: University of Chicago Press,
2002.
On some neutral interpretations of the implications of evolution by atheists, see:
Rocks of Ages: Science and Religion in the Fullness of Life. New York: Ballantine, 1999.
Can a Darwinian Be a Christian?: The Relationship between
Science and Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
On some non-atheist interpretations of the implications of evolution by religious believers, see:
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for
Belief. New York and London: Free Press, 2006.
Life's Solution: Inevitable Humans in a Lonely
Universe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Dawkins' God : Genes, Memes, and the Meaning of Life. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005.
Paths from Science Towards God. Oxford: Oneworld, 2001.
God, Chance and Necessity. Oxford: Oneworld, 1996.
Pascal's Fire: Scientific Faith and Religious Understanding. Oxford: One World, 2006.
For a philosophical assessment of the implications of evolutionary theory, see:
Evolution as a Religion : Strange Hopes and Stranger Fears. Rev. ed. London: Routledge, 2002.
Neurosciences
For some reductionist interpretations of the implications of neuroscience by neuroscientists, see:
The Astonishing Hypothesis. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.
For some non-reductionist interpretations of the implications of neuroscience by neuroscientists, see:
Brains, Machines and Persons. Grand Rapids, Michigan:
William B. Eerdmans, 1980.
The Self and Its Brain. London ;
New York Routledge, 1990.
Against Biological Determinism. London: Allison & Busby,
1982.
Not in Our
Genes : Biology, Ideology and Human Nature, Pelican Books.
Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1984.
Science and Moral Priority : Merging Mind, Brain, and Human
Values. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.
On 'neuromythology', see:
Philosophical Foundations of
Neuroscience. Malden, MA ; Oxford: Blackwell, 2003.
Neuroscience and Philosophy : Brain, Mind, and Language. New
York: Columbia University Press, 2007.
On some reductionist interpretations of the implications of neuroscience for religious experience, see:
Neuropsychological Bases of God Beliefs. New York: Praeger, 1987.
On some non-reductionist interpretations of the implications of neuroscience for religious experience, see:
The New Frontier of Religion and Science : Religious
Experience, Neuroscience, and the Transcendent. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan, 2006.
Pascal's Fire: Scientific Faith and Religious Understanding. Oxford: One World, 2006, chapter 11.
Social Sciences - Sociology
For an overview of the relationship between the social sciences and religion, see:
"Contributions from the Social Sciences." In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science, edited by Philip Clayton and Zachary Simpson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
On Marx's reductionism, see:
Marx on Religion. Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple University Press,
2002.
Moralischer Nihilismus: Radikale Moralkritik von den
Sophisten bis Nietzsche. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2005.
On Durkheim's secular interpretation of religion, see:
The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life. Translated by J.W.Swain. New York: Free Press, 1965.
On methodological agnosticism, see:
The Sacred Canopy. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1969.
Anthropology
For an overview of the relationship between anthropology and religion, see:
"Anthropology and Religion." In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science, edited by Philip Clayton and Zachary Simpson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
On methodological agnosticism, see:
The Sacred Canopy. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1969.
On some implicitly or explicitly atheist interpretations of the implications of evolutionary theory for anthropology, see:
Religion Explained : The Human Instincts That Fashion Gods,
Spirits and Ancestors. London: Vintage, 2002.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
The Manufacture of Evil : Ethics, Evolution and the
Industrial System. New York ; London: Boyars, 1991.
On some non-atheist interpretations of the implications of evolutionary theory for anthropology, see:
Why Would Anyone Believe in God?, Cognitive Science of Religion Series. Walnut Creek, Calif. ; Oxford: Altamira Press, 2004.
Psychology
For William James' work on religion, see, for example:
The Varieties of Religious Experience : A Study in Human Nature. 1st Touchstone ed. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.
For a general overview of the relationship between psychology and religion see:
"Psychology, the Human Sciences, and Religion." In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Science, edited by Philip Clayton and Zachary Simpson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.
On Freud's reductionist interpretation of religion, see:
The Future of an
Illusion. Rev. ed, International Psycho-Analytical Library ; No. 15.
London: Hogarth Press : Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1962.
Freud and the Problem of God. Enl. ed, Terry Lectures ; V.41.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.
On some implicitly or explicitly pro-atheist interpretations of the implications of evolutionary psychology for religion, see:
In Gods We Trust : The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion,
Evolution and Cognition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Religion Explained : The Human Instincts That Fashion Gods,
Spirits and Ancestors. London: Vintage, 2002.
Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New
York: Penguin, 2006.
On non-atheist interpretations of the implications of evolutionary psychology for religion, see:
Why Would Anyone Believe in God?, Cognitive Science of Religion Series. Walnut Creek, Calif. ; Oxford: Altamira Press, 2004.
On the interpretation of religion as a 'meaning system', see:
"Meaning in the Context of Stress and Coping."
Review of General Psychology 1 (1997): 115-44.
"Religion as a Meaning-System." Journal of Social Issues 61/4
(2005).